About Pruritus :

Itchy skin is an uncomfortable, irritating sensation that makes you want to scratch. Also known as pruritus (proo-RIE-tus), itchy skin is usually caused by dry skin. 

Causes :

• Dry skin. Seen in older age or due to environmental factors such as long-term use of air conditioning or central heating, and washing or bathing too much.

• Skin conditions and rashes. Many skin conditions itch, including eczema (dermatitis), psoriasis, scabies, lice, chickenpox and hives. 

• Internal diseases. Itchy skin can be a symptom of an underlying illness. These include liver disease, kidney failure, iron deficiency anaemia, thyroid problems and cancers, including leukemia and lymphoma. 

• Nerve disorders such as multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, pinched nerves and shingles (herpes zoster) — can cause itching.

• Irritation and allergic reactions.

• Drug reaction such as in antibiotics, antifungal drugs or narcotic pain medications.

• Pregnancy. 

Complication :

Prolonged itching and scratching may increase the intensity of the itch, possibly leading to:

• Skin injury

• Infection

• Scarring

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Presentation :

Itchy skin can occur without any other noticeable changes on the skin. Or it may be associated with:

• Redness

• Bumps, spots or blisters

• Dry, cracked skin

• Leathery or scaly texture to the skin

Sometimes itchiness lasts a long time and can be intense. As you rub or scratch the area, it gets itchier.

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ITCHING: Tips for Managing

• Bath in cool or lukewarm water before bed, using only moisturizing, scent-free soaps, baking soda, or colloidal oatmeal 

• Apply glycerine based, oil- and alcohol-free moisturizers before bedtime.

• Use natural ointments and creams with Vitamin E and aloe vera.

• Trim the fingernails to reduce the chances of further irritating the skin

• Do not allow pets in the bedroom

• Checking the bedroom for signs of bed bugs or other insect infestations, including fleas or biting ants.

• Stay hydrated to reduce dry skin.

• Avoid saunas and long, warm baths or showers before bedtime to prevent increased body temperature and moisture loss.

• Avoid scented or dyed cosmetic, cleansing, or beauty treatments before bedtime.

• Avoid chemicals such as caffeine and alcohol that can increase blood flow to the skin.

• Changing bedding regularly, ideally weekly.